Drug Detction Times in the Work Place

Drug Testing in the Workplace
Drug Detection Times
Drug Detection Times in urine are expressed in terms of lower and upper boundaries. The amount of time that a drug/metabolite remains detectable in urine can vary, depending on the following factors:
· Amount and Frequency of Use:  Single, isolated, small doses are generally detectable at the lower boundary. Chronic and long-term use typically result in detection periods near or at the upper boundary.
· Metabolic Rate:  Individuals with slower body metabolism are prone to longer drug detection periods.
· Body Mass:  In general, human metabolism slows with increased body mass, resulting in longer drug detection periods. In addition, THC (marijuana's active ingredient) and PCP are known to accumulate in fatty lipid tissue. Chronic users, physically inactive users, and individuals with a high percentage of body fat in relation to total body mass are prone to longer drug detection periods for THC and PCP.
· Age:  In general, human metabolism slows with age, resulting in longer drug detection periods.
· Overall Health:  In general, human metabolism slows during periods of deteriorating health, resulting in longer drug detection periods.
· Drug Tolerance:  Users typically metabolize a drug faster once a tolerance to the drug is established.
· Urine pH:  Urine pH can impact drug detection periods. Typically, highly acidic urine results in shorter drug detection periods.
· Note:  In a small percentage of cases, users may test positive longer than times shown - most notably in cases of long-term chronic abuse, in individuals with significant body mass and/or body fat, and in individuals with health related issues resulting in abnormally slow body metabolism.
   
Commonly Abused Drugs
Substance Proprietary or Street Names Medical Uses Route of Administration DEA Schedule* Drug Detection Times
Stimulants
Amphet-
amine		 Biphetamine, Dexedrine; Black Beauties, Crosses, Hearts Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity, narcolepsy Injected, oral, smoked, sniffed II 1-2 days
Cocaine Coke, Crack, Flake, Rocks, Snow Local anesthetic, vasoconstrictor Injected, smoked, sniffed II 1-4 days
Metham-
phetamine		 Desoxyn; Crank, Crystal, Glass, Ice, Speed ADHD, obesity, narcolepsy Injected, oral, smoked, sniffed II 1-2 days
Methyl-
phenidate		 Ritalin ADHD, narcolepsy Injected, oral II 1-2 days
Nicotine Habitrol patch, Nicorette gum, Nicotrol spray, Prostep patch; Cigars, Cigarettes, Smokeless tobacco, Snuff, Spit tobacco Treatment for nicotine dependence Smoked, sniffed, oral, transdermal Not Scheduled 1-2 days
Hallucinogens and Other Compounds
LSD Acid, Microdot None Oral I 8 hours
Mescaline Buttons, Cactus, Mesc, Peyote None Oral I 2-3 days
Phencyclidine & Analogs PCP; Angel Dust, Boat, Hog, Love Boat Anesthetic (veterinary) Injected, oral, smoked I, II 2-8 days
Psilocybin Magic Mushroom, Purple Passion, Shrooms None Oral I 8 hours
Amphet-
amine variants		 DOB, DOM, MDA, MDMA; Adam, Ecstasy, STP, XTC None Oral I 1-2 days
Marijuana Blunt, Grass, Herb, Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Smoke, Weed None Oral, smoked I 1 day - 5 weeks
Hashish Hash None Oral, smoked I 1 day - 5 weeks
Tetrahydro-
cannabinol		 Marinol, THC Antiemetic Oral, smoked I, II 1 day - 5 weeks
Anabolic Steroids Testosterone (T/E ratio), Stanazolol, Nandrolene Hormone Replacement Therapy Oral, injected III Oral: up to 3 weeks (for testosterone and others); Injected: up to 3 months (Nandrolene up to 9 months)
Opioids and Morphine Derivatives
Codeine Tylenol w/codeine, Robitussin A-C, Empirin w/codeine, Fiorinal w/codeine Analgesic, antitussive Injected, oral II, III, IV 1-2 days
Heroin Diacetylmorphine; Horse, Smack None Injected, smoked, sniffed I 1-2 days
Methadone Amidone, Dolophine, Methadose Analgesic, treatment for opiate dependence Injected, oral II 1 day - 1 week
Morphine Roxanol, Duramorph Analgesic Injected, oral, smoked II, III 1-2 days
Opium Laudanum, Paregoric; Dover's Powder Analgesic, antidiarrheal Oral, smoked II, III, V 1-2 days
Depressants
Alcohol Beer, Wine, Liquor Antidote for methanol poisoning Oral Not Scheduled 6-10 hours
Barbiturates Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, Phenobarbital; Barbs Anesthetic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative Injected, oral II, III, IV 2-10 days
Benzo-
diazepines		 Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Rohypnol, Valium; Roofies, Tranks, Xanax Antianxiety, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative Injected, oral IV 1-6 weeks
Meth-
aqualone		 Quaalude, Ludes None Oral I 2 weeks